马来西亚福建话和台湾闽南话的词汇比较
A Lexical Comparison Between Malaysia Hokkien and Taiwan Min-nan Dialects

张屏生 CHANG Ping-Sheng
台湾国立中山大学中文系。
E-mail: [email protected]

卓月莲 TOH Wat-Lian
新加坡南洋理工大学·中华语言文化中心。

马来西亚华人研究学刊，第15期，2012年，页125-145
Journal of Malaysian Chinese Studies, Volume 15, 2012: 125-145

摘要

本文拟通过词汇的共时描写以及归纳比较，概括的呈现马来西亚福建话和台湾闽南话的词汇差异，并试图从这些交揉杂错的词汇差异现象中找出具有启发性的焦点。根据我们初步的比较发现，马来西亚福建话和台湾闽南话的词汇差异主要是因为生活背景的不同，通过语言接触的管道增添一些原本自身语言系统中没有的词汇，因此两地的词汇差异大多是反映在吸收外来语的部分。此外，马来西亚由于不同来源的华侨聚集在一个地方，每一种方言都会吸纳当地其他方言的一些成分融入到自己的语言系统当中，这是马来西亚福建话的外来成分比台湾闽南话复杂的原因。

关键词：马来西亚福建话、台湾闽南话、词汇比较、闽南方言

Abstract

This paper examines the lexical difference between Malaysia Hokkien and Taiwan Min-nan dialects, through a horizontal comparison between monochronic systems of these two dialects. According to our analysis, the lexical difference is mainly caused by the different social and lingual backgrounds of these two dialects, that is, the absorption of external elements through language contacts with different foreign languages. This also explains the major difference between the two dialects being that of borrowed words each from different foreign languages. In addition to this, Malaysia Chinese community being a multi-dialectal society, the interaction between different dialects definitely result in borrowed words among them, hence this is one important feature of Malaysia Hokkien lexicon, as compared to Taiwan Min-nan.

Keywords: Malaysia Hokkien, Taiwan Min-nan, Lexical Comparison, Min-nan Dialect

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