跨族群、跨语言与公共舆论建构：槟城点石斋印字馆的报刊事业（1895-1911）
Cross-ethnic, Cross-language and Public Opinion Construction: Newspaper of Penang Criterion Press (1895-1911)

江剑聪HUNG Kim Chong
台湾国立中央大学中文系博士候选人。
E-mail: [email protected]

摘要

上海点石斋石印书局在1878年底面世后不久，南洋槟榔屿在1883年即出现一家点石斋印字馆。这家印字馆乃当地重要华侨商人林花鑽（1836-1912）所创设。起初的业务主要是承印些华英商业文件、书籍，贩卖进口文具等。随后，在林花鑽幼子林成辉(1872-1943)的主导下，槟城点石斋印字馆开始拓展报刊事业，陆续发行华（《槟城新报》）、巫(Chahyah Pulau Pinang)、 英(Straits Echo)新闻报纸，对本地文化乃至马来亚公共舆论的发展产生影响。本文旨在还原槟城点石斋印字馆的时空背景，并试图说明其在辛亥革命前（1883-1911），作为本地华人印刷机构，其如何发展它的大众传播事业，为不同族群作出贡献。

关键词：槟城点石斋印字馆、林成辉、槟城新报、亦果西报

Abstract

Soon after the appearance of "Dian Shi Zhai shuju" printing house in Shanghai at the end of 1878, Criterion Press, named in Chinese as "Dian Shi Zhai", was also founded in Chinese Penang in 1883. This printing house was founded by Lim Hua Chiam (1836-1912), a prestigious local Chinese businessman. Initially, the business were focused on printing business documents, books and selling imported stationery. As time went by, the youngest son of Lim Hua Chiam, Lim Seng Hooi (1872-1943), took charge of Criterion Press and expanded their businesses to the newspaper sector. The newspaper was subsequently published in different languages, including Chinese (Penang Sin Poe), Malay (Chahyah Pulau Pinang), and English (Straits Echo). It had influences on the development of local culture and the forming of public opinions in Malaya. This article aims to contextualize the evolution of Criterion Press and explain how a local Chinese printing enterprise developed its mass communication business and contributed to different ethnic groups before the 1911 Revolution (1883-1911).

Keywords: Criterion Press, Lim Seng Hooi, Penang Sin Poe, Straits Echo

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