英殖民时期马六甲华人社团注册之考察（1889年-1919年）
The Study of the Registration of Chinese Societies in Malacca during the British Colonial Era (1889–1919)

谢治婷 CHA Zhi Ting
拉曼大学中华研究院，硕士生。
E-mail: [email protected]

陈爱梅 TAN Ai Boay
拉曼大学中华研究院，副教授兼课程主任。
E-mail: [email protected]

摘要

本研究聚焦1889至1919年马六甲华人社团注册情况。英殖民政府于1889年颁布《社团法令》，促使各类社团陆续注册。研究截至1919年有二原因，一是1920年殖民政府推出学校注册法令，将管理重心由社团转向学校；二是1919年后华人政治转变，共产党势力进入马来亚，并借国民党分支宣传共产主义。英殖民政府的管控也从防范秘密会党，防止骚乱转向思想意识形态。本研究通过官方档案梳理出七类社团，分别为地缘、宗教、血缘、体育及休闲娱乐、商业、报社与教育，以及政党。地缘和宗教率先注册，其他随后跟进，显示华人突破地缘血缘限制，形成更广泛社群认同。

关键词：社团法令、马六甲华人社团、注册社团、英殖民政府

Abstract

This study focuses on the registration of Chinese societies in Malacca between 1889 and 1919. In 1889, the British colonial government enacted the Societies Ordinance, prompting various associations to register. The research ends in 1919 for two reasons. First, in 1920 the colonial government introduced The Registration of School Ordinance, shifting its administrative focus from associations to schools. Second, after 1919 Chinese political activities underwent changes: communist forces entered Malaya and used Kuomintang branches to spread communist ideology. The British colonial government also shifted its control measures from merely preventing secret societies and disturbances to curbing ideological influences.

Keywords: The Societies Ordinance, Chinese associations in Malacca, Registered associations, British colonial government

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