一个家族、五个世代：金门吴家在马来西亚百年征途的个案研究
One Family and Five Generations: The Case Study of International Migration and Struggling Experiences of a Kinmen Wu Family in Malaysia for One Hundred Years

刘香兰LIU Hsiang Lan
台湾辅仁大学社工系副教授。
E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

摘要

金门（Quemoy）是处于中国福建省和台湾间的岛屿。1945年前，她隶属中国福建省，岛上大部分男性随福建帮下南洋，进入东南亚国家的劳力产业链。冷战蔓延东亚，毛泽东与蒋介石引发的国共内战，金门成为热战点，开始长达五十多年戒严。已迁到马来西亚的金门人被迫落地生根成立家族事业。本研究运用单一个案的研究策略，以家庭生命历程理论，探索金门吴家在马来西亚的百年征途，发现随不同历史时期，吴家内分家交织家族企业的交棒，各代模式不同，现代治理不过是因应内忧外压的策略。贯穿百年的是以男性继承、光宗耀祖的家族主义，维持家业永续与家庭关系的平衡。

关键词：国际迁移、家庭生命历程理论、个案研究、华人家族事业、金门学

Abstract

Quemoy (Kinmen) is an island between Taiwan (R.O.C) and Fujian Province (CHN). Before 1945, it was subordinated to China and a large of number of its male residents immigrated to Southeast Asia entering the labor markets to be migrant workers. After 1945, Quemoy was affiliated to R.O.C and became the battlefront between the warring Nationalists and Communists as well as the frontline between Cold War nations. After that Quemoy was under military martial law for 50 years. In that period, the Kinmen’s migrant workers were forced to live in Malaysia and developed small family business for survive. This study applied a single case study basing on family life course theory to explore the struggling paths of a Quemoy Wu family in Malaysia for one hundred years. The important finding is that the intervening between succession of family businesses and dispersing of family depending on specific historical period. However, the unchanged rule of succession is male-centered and value of glorify and illuminate the ancestors are vital cultural mechanisms to balance the continue of family businesses with more complicated family relationships.

Keywords: International migration, Family life course theory, Oversea Chinese family business, Case study, Quemoy study
 

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